SEM References

A selection of books and articles on various aspects of Structural Equations Modeling are given below. Journals with a number of SEM articles are also listed and links to a few other SEM resources are given.

Books

Books:

Arminger, G., Clogg, C. C., & Sobel, M. E. (Eds.) Handbook of Statistical Modeling for the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Academic Press, 1994.

Bekker, P. A., Merckens, A., & Wansbeek, T. Identification, Equivalent Models, and Computer Algebra, Academic Press, 1994.

Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C.-P. Practical issues in structural modeling. In J. S. Long (Ed.), Common problems/proper solutions: Avoiding error in survey research, Sage, 1988.

Bollen, K.A., Structural Equations with Latent Variables, Wiley, 1989.

Bollen, K.A. & J.S. Long, Testing Structural Equation Models, Sage, 1993.

Byrne, B.M., Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS and SIMPLIS: Basic Concepts, Applications and Programming. Erlbaum, 1998.

Byrne, B. M., A primer of LISREL: Basic applications and programming for confirmatory factor analytic models, Springer-Verlag, 1989.

Duncan, O.D., Introduction to structural equation models, Academic Press, 1975.

Hayduk, L. A., Structural equation modeling with LISREL, John Hopkins Press, 1987.

Hayduk, L. A., LISREL issues, debates and strategies, John Hopkins Press, 1996.

Hoyle, R.H., ed., Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues and Applications, Sage, 1995.

Jaccard, J. & Wan, C. K., LISREL Approaches to Interaction Effects in Multiple Regression, Sage, 1996.

James, L. R., Mulaik, S. A., & Brett, J. M., Causal analysis: Assumptions, models and data, Sage, 1982.

Joreskog, K. G. & Wold, H. (eds.), Systems under indirect observation: Causality, structure, prediction, North-Holland, 1982.

Joreskog, K. G. & Sorbom, D., LISREL 8 User's Reference Guide. Chicago: Scientific Software International, 1996.

Joreskog, K. G. & Sorbom, D., PRELIS 2 User's Reference Guide. Chicago: Scientific Software International, 1996.

Joreskog, K. G. & Sorbom, D., LISREL 7: A Guide to the Program and Applications. Chicago: SPSS Publications, 1989.

Joreskog, K. G. & Sorbom, D., Du Toit, S. & Du Toit, M. , LISREL 8: New Statistical Features. Chicago: Scientific Software International, 1999.

Joreskog, K. G & Sorbom, D., Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language. Chicago: Scientific Software International, 1993.

Kenny, D. A., Correlation and causality, Wiley, 1979.

Lawley, D. N. & Maxwell, A. E., Factor analysis as a statistical method, Butterworths, 1971 (2^nd ed.).

Loehlin, J.C., Latent variable models: an introduction to factor, path and structural analysis, Erlbaum, 1992.

Lewis-Beck, M.S. (Ed.), Factor analysis and related techniques. International Handbook of Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, Sage, 1994.

Long, J.S., Confirmatory factor analysis, Sage, 1983.

Long, J.S., Covariance structure modelling, Sage, 1983.

Long, J.S., Covariance Structure Models: An Introduction to LISREL, Sage, 1983.

Marcoulides, G.A. & R.E. Schumacker, eds., Advanced Structural Equation Modeling: Issues and Techniques, Erlbaum, 1996.

Mueller, R.O., Basic Principles of Structural Equation Modeling. An Introduction to LISREL and EQS. Springer-Verlag, 1996.

Saris, W. E., & Satorra, A., Characteristics of structural equation models which affect the power of the likelihood ratio test. In W. E. Saris & I. N. Gallhofer (Eds.), Sociometric research (Vol. 2). London: Macmillan, 1987.

Saris, W. E., Satorra, A., & Sorbom, D. The detection and correction of specification errors in structural equation models. In C. C. Clogg (Ed.), Sociological methodology, (pp. 105-129). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 1987.

Schumacker, R.E. & Lomax, R.G., A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling, Erlbaum 1996.

Spirtes, P., Glymour, C., & Scheines, R., Causation, prediction, and search, Springer-Verlag, 1993.

Von Eye, A. & Clogg, C.C., Latent variable analysis: Applications for developmental research, Sage, 1994 .

Articles

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1984). The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika, 49, 155-73.

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103 (3), 411-423.

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1992). Assumptions and comparative strengths of the two-step approach: Comment on Fornell and Yi. Sociological Methods & Research, 20 (1), 321-333.

Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C.-P. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16, 78-117.

Browne, M. W. (1984). Asymptotically distribution-free methods for the analysis of covariance structures. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 37, 1-21.

Chou, C.-P., & Bentler, P. M. (1990). Model modification in covariance structure modeling: A comparison among likelihood ratio, Lagrange multiplier, and Wald tests. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 115-136.

Cudeck, R. (1989). Analysis of correlation matrices using covariance structure models. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 317-327.

Davis, W. R. (1993). The FC1 rule of identification for confirmatory factor analysis: A general sufficient condition. Sociological Methods & Research, 21(4), 403-437.

Fornell, C., & Yi, Y. (1992a). Assumptions of the two-step approach to latent variable modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 20 (1), 291-320.

Fornell, C., & Yi, Y. (1992b). Assumptions of the two-step approach: Reply to Anderson and Gerbing. Sociological Methods & Research, 20 (1), 334-339.

Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1987). Improper solutions in the analysis of covariance structures: Their interpretability and a comparison of alternate respecifications. Psychometrika, 52, 99-111.

Joreskog, K. G. (1967). Some contributions to maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 32(4), 443-482.

Kaplan, D. (1989). Model modification in covariance structure analysis: Application of the expected parameter change statistic. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 24, 285-305.

Kaplan, D., & Wenger, R. N. (1993). Asymptotic independence and separability in covariance structure models: Implications for specification error, power, and model modification. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 28, 483-498.

Kaplan, D., Statistical power in structural equation modeling. In R. H. Hoyle (ed.), Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, (pp. 100-117), 1995.

Lee, S., & Hershberger, S. (1990). A simple rule for generating equivalent models in structural equation modeling. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 313-334.

Lee, S.-Y., Poon, W.-Y., & Bentler, P. M. (1992). Structural equation models with continuous and polytomous variables. Psychometrika, 57, 89-105.

MacCallum, R. C., Wegener, D. T., Uchino, B. N., & Fabrigar, L. R. (1993). The problem of equivalent models in applications of covariance structure analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 185-199.

Mardia, K. V. (1970). Measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis with applications. Biometrika, 57, pp. 519-530.

McArdle, J.J. & McDonald, R.P. (1984) Some algebraic properties of the Recticular Action Model for moment structures. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 37, 234-251.

Muth? 쁃n, B., & Kaplan, D. (1985). A comparison of methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal Likert variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38, 171-189.

Muthen, B., & Kaplan, D. (1992). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal Likert variables: A note on the size of the model. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 45, 19-30.

Reilly, T. (1995). A necessary and sufficient condition for identification of confirmatory factor analysis models of complexity one. Sociological Methods & Research, 23(4), 421-441.

Rigdon, E. E. (1995). A necessary and sufficient identification rule for structural models estimated in practice. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 30(3), 359-383.

Satorra, A. (1989). Alternative test criteria in covariance structure analysis: A unified approach. Psychometrika, 54, 131-151.

Satorra, A., & Saris, W. E. (1985). Power of the likelihood ratio test in covariance structure analysis. Psychometrika, 50, 83-90.

Stelzl, I. (1986). Changing the causal hypothesis without changing the fit: Some rules for generating equivalent path models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 21, 309-331.

Journals

Educational and Psychological Measurement

Psychological Bulletin

Psychological Methods

Psychometrika

Sociological Methods & Research

Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal

Other Useful Links

Semnet : A structural equation modeling discussion network

Ed Rigdon's home page

Joel West's home page

The LISREL page at the Computation Center at the University of Texas